Petroleum Pilot Plant Services

Delayed coking is a type of thermal cracking in which the heat required to complete the coking reactions is supplied by a furnace, while coking itself takes place in drums operating continuously on a 24 h filling and 24 h emptying cycles.^[1] Delayed coking is one of the chemical engineering unit processes for petroleum refineries. Delayed coking process is used to crack heavy oils into more valuable light liquid products with less valuable gas and solid coke as byproducts.^[2]

The aim of the desalting process is to remove salt from crude oil. These salts are hard to remove by gravity setting and usually exist in the residual water contained in the crude oil. If left unchecked, salts can cause problems in production and refining including: corrosion by acids formed by chloride salt, decomposition in fractionator overhead equipment, fouling of heat exchangers by salt deposition, and poisoning of catalysts in down-stream units. Typically desalting is the first unit operation in a refinery. During this process, we also provide analytical service for related parameters, such as salt in crude, density, kinematic viscosity, karl fisher water, GC distillation and so on.

Distillation, also known as fractionation, is a process that separates feedstock into many fractions based on the different boiling points for different fractions. Distills the incoming crude oil into various fractions for further processing in other units.^[3]

Solvent dewaxing is used to remove wax from either distillate or residual basestocks at any stage in the refining process. The general steps of solvent dewaxing contain: (1) mixing the feedstock with a solvent; (2) precipitating the wax from the mixture by chilling; (3) recovering the solvent from the wax and dewaxed oil for recycling by distillation and steam stripping. During this process, we also provide analytical service for related parameters, such as density, pour point, oil content, hydrocarbon types, and lubricity and so on.

Solvent deasphalting (SDA) is a separation process in which residues are selectively separated by molecular type by mixing with paraffinic solvents and precipitating out of solution asphaltenes and other residue heavy components. SDA produces a low-contaminant, relatively high hydrogen deasphalted oil (DAO) product and a pitch product that contains the majority of the residue's contaminants (metals, asphaltenes, CCR).

Thermal cracking is one of the most important procedural steps in the refinery for converting crude oil into the lighter and valuable petroleum products such as gasoline (or petrol), diesel fuel, residual heavy oil, coke, and many gases such as C1, C2, C3, C4 (methane, ethane, propane, butane).