Textile Banned Dyes Testing

There are two main categories of banned dyes used in textiles, one is allergenic dyes and the other is carcinogenic dyes. Allergenic dyes can enter the human body through the skin during contact with human skin, which can cause an allergic reaction to the skin or certain organs, thereby affecting the health of the human body. Carcinogenic dyes are absorbed through the skin and can produce carcinogenic aromatic amines in the process of decomposition in the human body, thus causing cancer.

Alfa Chemistry Provides Testing Services for the Following Banned Dyes:

• Azo Dyes

At present, most (more than 60%) of the synthetic dyes on the market are based on azo chemistry. The so-called carcinogenicity problem is that the aromatic amines that can be reduced from some azo dyes have been proved to be potentially carcinogenic to humans or animals. In long-term contact with the skin, under some special conditions, especially when the color fastness is poor, the azo dye on the textile will be transferred to the human skin through the normal metabolic process of the human body. Decomposition and reduction occur under the biocatalysis of secretions, and some carcinogenic aromatic amines are released. After these aromatic amines are absorbed by the human skin, the deoxynucleic acid (DNA) of the cells is changed through metabolism in the body, which becomes the inducing factor of human disease and has potential carcinogenicity.

• Carcinogenic Dyes

The carcinogenicity of dyes refers to the properties of some dyes to cause tumor or carcinogenesis to human body or animal. There are many reasons for its carcinogenicity. One is that some azo dyes are decomposed to produce carcinogenic aromatic amines under certain conditions, for example, some azo dyes are decomposed into carcinogenic aromatic amines under reduction conditions. The other is that the dye itself will cause cancer when it comes into direct contact with the human body or animal for a long time, which is the carcinogenic dye referred to in this project.

• Allergenic Dyes

Allergenic dyes refer to certain dyes that can cause skin, mucous membrane or respiratory tract allergies in humans or animals. At present, the relevant laws or standards mainly regulate the skin sensitization. Allergies inhaled by the human body are mainly concentrated in the respiratory tract and mucous membrane, and some reactive dyes (which can be divided into granular and liquid) can cause this kind of sensitization.

• Other banned dyes

Limits for Different Dyestuffs according to OEKO-TEX Standard 100

Testing Standards:

• ISO 16373-3:2014 Textiles — Dyestuffs — Part 3: Method for determination of certain carcinogenic dyestuffs (method using triethylamine/methanol)

• ISO 16373-2:2014 Textiles — Dyestuffs — Part 2: General method for the determination of extractable dyestuffs including allergenic and carcinogenic dyestuffs (method using pyridine-water)

• ISO 14362-1:2017 Textiles — Methods for determination of certain aromatic amines derived from azo colorants — Part 1: Detection of the use of certain azo colorants accessible with and without extracting the fibres

• ISO 14362-3:2017 Textiles — Methods for determination of certain aromatic amines derived from azo colorants — Part 3: Detection of the use of certain azo colorants, which may release 4-aminoazobenzene

• GB/T 17592-2011 Textile - Determination of the banned azo colorants

• GB/T 23344-2009 Textiles - Determination of 4-aminoazobenzene

Testing Methods

• Gas chromatography - Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS)

• High Performance Liquid Chromatography - Diode Array Detector (HPLC—DAD)

• Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)

Alfa Chemistry Testing Lab

As an authoritative testing organization with many years of experience, Alfa Chemistry Testing Lab provides reliable banned dyes testing services for all types of fabrics, including but not limited to cotton, linen, silk, woolen fabric, leather fabric, chemical fiber fabric, blended fabric, modal fabric, etc., please consult our technical experts for details.