Angelica Sinensis

Angelica sinensis, also known as Dong Quai or female ginseng, is a perennial herb native to China and a staple in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Belonging to the Apiaceae family, this herb grows to about one meter in height, characterized by feathery, divided leaves and small white flowers arranged in umbels. The medicinally valuable part is the root, which is harvested in late autumn. The root, known for its yellowish-brown color, contains a variety of bioactive compounds, including ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, butylidenephthalide, and various polysaccharides. Over 70 compounds have been identified from Angelica sinensis, making it a prominent ingredient in herbal formulations aimed at supporting women's health and overall vitality.

Ligustilide

Ligustilide, the principal bioactive component of Angelica sinensis, is celebrated for its extensive pharmacological profile. It has shown notable effectiveness in addressing atherosclerosis, providing neuroprotection, as well as exhibiting anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. Of particular importance are its neuroprotective and vasorelaxant effects, which are mediated through the inhibition of MAPKs/IKK activation and the subsequent suppression of the transcription factors AP-1 and NF-κB. These pathways underscore its mechanism of action and therapeutic potential. Owing to its diverse and potent biological activities, Ligustilide stands out as an exceptional candidate for developing treatments for a variety of pain syndromes, with a specific emphasis on primary dysmenorrhea.

Angelic Acid

Angelic acid is a fascinating unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid first identified by the Munich pharmacist Ludwig Andreas Buchner in 1842. This organic compound, predominantly found in plants of the Apiaceae family, is distinguished by its volatility, sharp taste, and pungent sour odor. Angelic acid exists primarily as the cis isomer of 2-methyl-2-butenoic acid, and it can readily undergo transformation to its trans isomer, tiglic acid, when exposed to heat or treated with inorganic acids. The salts and esters formed from angelic acid, referred to as angelates, are notable for their medicinal properties. These esters are active components in herbal remedies that have been traditionally used to relieve a variety of ailments, such as pain, fever, gout, and heartburn.

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