Panax Ginseng

Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, also known as Asian ginseng, Chinese ginseng, or Korean ginseng, is a slow-growing herb in the Panax genus of the Araliaceae family. The genus name "Panax" is derived from the Greek word for "panacea", which means a remedy for all diseases, aptly reflecting the broad medicinal properties attributed to this plant. Traditional uses of ginseng include rejuvenating the spirit, nourishing the blood, and calming the mind and eyes, supported by various studies.

Modern scientific research reveals that the medicinal efficacy of ginseng is primarily due to its diverse biochemical constituents, such as ginsenosides, polysaccharides, amino acids, volatile oils, organic acids, and numerous trace elements. Among these, ginsenosides are the main active compounds. These ginsenosides are classified into protopanaxadiol, protopanaxatriol, and oleanolane according to their chemical structures. Over 180 types of ginsenosides have been identified, with Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rg1 being the most prevalent. These compounds have demonstrated efficacy in treating neurological diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, and even COVID-19.

Ginsenoside Rb1

Ginsenoside Rb1 is one of the most studied ginsenosides and has been reported to possess a variety of pharmacological effects, including neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. It has been shown to upregulate the expression of GLUTs in adipose tissue and activate the insulin signaling pathway, potentially ameliorating the progression of asthma by modulating Th1/Th2 balance. Additionally, Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase activity with an IC50 of 6.3 ± 1.0 μM, activates Akt, phosphorylates GSK-3β, and inhibits the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP).

Ginsenoside Rb2

Ginsenoside Rb2 demonstrates a wide array of beneficial activities, including hypoglycemic, anti-osteoporosis, antioxidant, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-tumor effects. It holds promise as a mucosal immunoadjuvant to enhance antiviral activity and is an effective agent in lipid level reduction. Additionally, Ginsenoside Rb2 plays a protective role against the photoaging of human keratinocyte cells exposed to UV-B irradiation. It also exhibits inhibitory effects on nicotinic stimulation-evoked catecholamine secretion, partially by increasing nitric oxide (NO) production through the activation of nitric oxide synthase, which is relevant to neuronal nicotinic receptor blockade.

Ginsenoside Rc

Ginsenoside Rc exhibits a wide range of biological activities, including anti-diabetic, anti-adipogenic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. It can alleviate inflammatory symptoms associated with gastritis, hepatitis, and arthritis. Additionally, Rc significantly enhances glucose uptake by inducing ROS generation, which subsequently activates AMPK and p38 MAPK pathways. Moreover, ginsenoside Rc enhances GABA receptor A (GABAA)-mediated ion channel currents (IGABA) and inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β.

Ginsenoside Re

Ginsenoside Re, a prominent ginsenoside found in ginseng, is classified within the 20(S)-protopanaxatriol group. It demonstrates a wide array of effects both in vitro and in vivo, such as anti-diabetic, vasorelaxant, antihyperlipidemic, anti-ischemic, angiogenic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions. Additionally, it shows significant neuroprotective properties, notably against neuroinflammation, in a murine model of ALS.

Alfa Chemistry is a renowned expert in the field of plant-derived natural products, specializing in offering a wide range of research products related to Panax ginseng. Our commitment to excellence ensures that every product we deliver meets the highest standards of quality and purity. Whether you require specialized compounds or custom formulations, our team is ready to assist you. Don't hesitate to reach out to us with any inquiries or specific requirements.

Please kindly note that our products and services are for research use only.