Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), also known as short interfering RNAs or silencing RNAs, are a class of double-stranded RNAs that are at first non-coding RNA molecules, typically 20-24 (normally 21) base pairs in length, and operate within the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. They interfere with the expression of specific genes with complementary nucleotide sequences by degrading mRNA after transcription, and thus preventing translation. Because of specific and gene silencing, siRNAs are expected to become an important approach for the treatment of a variety of infectious, hematologic tumor, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative conditions.