Treating Alzheimer's Disease - Nanozymes / Alfa Chemistry

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Treating Alzheimer's Disease

Introduction

Treating Alzheimer Disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with an insidious onset and progressive development. It is one of the most common types of dementia, influences around 10% of the elderly (over 65 years old), so treating AD is urgently needed. The accumulation of amyloid protein (Aβ) is a pathologic factor in AD. In addition, the mitochondrial dysfunction induced by Aβ are also considered as possible causes of AD through abnormal expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In response to this, people have been developing drugs to treat AD, but the effects are limited. The emergence of nanozymes brings new hope for treating AD. By scavenging excess ROS and protecting mitochondria from oxidative damage, nanozymes can be used for the prevention and early treatment of AD.

Applications

The rise of the field of nanozymes has led to more and more nanozymes being widely used in the treatment of AD, such as cerium-based nanozymes, iron-based nanozymes, and palladium-based nanozymes. Among them, Ceria (CeO₂) nanozyme is a representative example. It is known to function as strong and recyclable ROS scavengers by shuttling between Ce³⁺ and Ce⁴⁺ oxidation states, thereby further protecting cells from oxidative stress. In 2016, Hyeon et al. designed triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-modified CeO₂ nanoparticles for treating AD. The nanoparticles could localize to mitochondria and then eliminate harmful ROS, inhibiting the neuronal death. They could also alleviate reactive neuroglia and mitochondrial damage, which was of great significance for the treatments of AD and other neurodegenerative diseases^[1]. In addition, Qu et al. also used CeO₂ nanoparticles to treat AD. They used CeO₂ nanoparticles as both capping agents and antioxidants, and combined with boronic acidfunctionalized mesoporous silica through boron ester bond, which was used as the carrier to load Cu²⁺ chelator chloroquinol (CQ), achieving synergistic AD treatment effect. The bifunctional nanoparticles can effectively scavenge intracellular overexpressed ROS, inhibit Aβ aggregation and protect cells from Aβ-related toxicity^[2].

Fig.1 The TPP-modified CeO₂ nanoparticles are used for treating AD.

Fig.2 The bifunctional nanoparticles are used for treating AD.

Alfa Chemistry can offer a series of nanozymes, which have broad application prospects in treating AD. We will offer the most suitable nanozymes according to customer's detailed requirements. At the same time, we also offer product customization. If you have any questions or needs, please don't hesitate to contact us. Alfa Chemistry will provide you with the most professional service.

References

Hyeon, T.; et al. Mitochondria-targeting ceria nanoparticles as antioxidants for Alzheimer's disease. ACS Nano. 2016, 10(2), 2860-2870.
Qu, X. G.; et al. Cerium oxide caged metal chelator: anti-aggregation and anti-oxidation integrated H₂O₂-responsive controlled drug release for potential Alzheimer's disease treatment. Chem. Sci. 2013, 4(6), 2536-2542.

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