Manganese-Based Nanozymes-Product List

The biomimetic hybrid nanozyme (named rMGB) integrates natural enzyme glucose oxidase (GOD) with nanozyme manganese dioxide (MnO₂) by mutual promotion for maximizing the enzymatic activity of MnO₂ and GOD. Under hypoxia environment, the rMGB could catalyze endogenous H₂O₂ and H⁺ to generate O₂ in tumor site, providing O₂ to GOD for cancer starvation therapy. Meanwhile, GOD provides a large amount of H⁺ which helps the MnO₂ to further accelerate O₂ generation for alleviating tumor hypoxia and enhance photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy. Moreover, rMGB could not only achieve the longcirculation effect and effective tumor accumulation but also avoid the systemic toxicity of GOD by reason for the GOD leakage and H₂O₂ generation. The biomimetic hybrid nanozyme would further facilitate the development of biological nanozymes for cancer treatment.

Manganese oxide nanozymes have multi-enzyme activities including catalase (CAT) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, and have antioxidant function. They can utilize excess H₂O₂ in the tumor microenvironment to generate high concentrations of oxygen and free radicals, thereby alleviating tumor hypoxia. Manganese oxide nanozymes usually also have strong near-infrared light absorption capabilities and can be used for photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging. In addition, they can also be used as drug carriers to achieve targeted delivery and release of drugs.

Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified Mn-based single-atom nanozyme (Mn/PSAE) can simultaneously catalyze H₂O₂ and O₂ to produce hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and superoxide anions radicals (•O₂^-) , respectively. The in vitro enzymatic activity of Mn/PSAE is clearly higher than that of conventional MnO₂, so that Mn/PSAE disrupts the cellular redox balance and kills cancer cells significantly more efficiently than MnO₂. In addition, the amorphous carbon support of Mn/PSAE exhibits excellent near-infrared (NIR) photothermal performance, which enables the photothermal-enhanced catalytic therapy.

The protein nanozyme based on the hybridization of a Mn-based nanoparticle as the core of enzymatic activity and a recombinant protein scaffold modified for mitochondria-targeting. Through triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-based modification, the manganese-based protein nanozyme is endowed with mitochondria-targeting abilities and the capability to overcome the intracellular lysosome barrier. The nanozyme exhibites high SOD activity and shows relatively good CAT activity. It is worth noting that the nanozyme does not show obvious peroxidase (POD) activity. This characteristic allows the protein nanozyme to not only effectively remove superoxide radicals through the SOD-CAT cascade reaction, but also avoid the generation of highly cytotoxic •OH induced by POD.