Gel Electrophoresis

Electrophoresis is a technique that enables the separation and analysis of charged molecules in an electric field. Gel electrophoresis is a ubiquitous technology used for the separation and purification of biomacromolecules and their fragments. The process of gel electrophoresis works because negatively charged molecules move away from the negative pole of the electric current and smaller molecules will move faster than larger molecules. Thus, size separation is achieved within the pool of molecules running through the gel. The gel works in a similar manner to a sieve separating particles by size. Electrophoresis works by using the particles' inherent charge to move them and pass them through the sieve.

Types of Gels/Gel Electrophoresis

The types of gel typically used in gel electrophoresis are polyacrylamide and agarose gels. Each type of gel is suitable for different types and sizes of analytes.

• Polyacrylamide gels are usually used for protein separation and have very high resolution for small fragments of DNA (5-500 bp).
• Agarose gels have low resolution for DNA, but have a large separation range and are usually used for DNA fragments between 50 and 20000 bp in size.

There are two types of gel electrophoresis: native gel electrophoresis and denaturing gel electrophoresis.

• Native gel electrophoresis is usually used to identify larger protein complexes, which attempts to keep the analyte in its native structure as it passes through the gel.
• Denaturing gel electrophoresis is often accurate for size identification, which attempts to change the linear structure of the analyte before or during gel electrophoresis.

Steps

Applications

Gel electrophoresis is widely used in many fields. Here is a brief introduction.

Gel electrophoresis is also used in biochemistry and molecular biology to separate a mixture of DNA and RNA fragments by length, as well as to estimate the size of DNA and RNA fragments.

Gel electrophoresis is used in clinical medicine to separate proteins by charge or size. It provides new possibilities for the development of medical technology.

Alfa Chemistry is proficient in every step of gel electrophoresis technology, especially gel preparation. We have many successful cases in the separation and analysis of biomolecules by gel electrophoresis technology. No matter what problem you have, please feel free to contact us. We look forward to working with you.

Please kindly note that our products and services are for research use only.

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