Knowledge & Learning - Cyclodextrin / Alfa Chemistry

Alpha-Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles (αCyD-AgNPs) A Powerful Platform for Colorimetric Sensing

Functionalization of AgNPs with macrocyclic ligands such as alpha-cyclodextrin (a-CyD) enhances their chemical selectivity and dispersion stability in aqueous media.

High-Longer Alpha-Cyclodextrin Nanotubes Synthesis: A Supramolecular Engineering Approach

The development of long, structurally controlled nanotubes based on alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD) presents a promising advancement in supramolecular chemistry. These nanotubes (NTs) are synthesized through a multi-step process involving functionalized poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), optimized threading of cyclodextrins, and intramolecular crosslinking.

Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin Complexation: A Strategy to Improve Ketoprofen Bioavailability and Therapeutic Efficacy

Cyclodextrin-based inclusion complexation has emerged as a rational strategy to enhance the solubility and pharmacokinetics of poorly water-soluble drugs.

β-Cyclodextrin-Functionalized Magnetic Nanocatalyst for Efficient Nitroarene Hydrogenation

A novel catalyst system combining magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles, surface-modified with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and immobilized nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs)

Cyclodextrin–Hydrogel Hybrids in Advanced Drug Delivery

Advanced drug delivery systems aim to optimize therapeutic efficacy by improving drug solubility, stability, targeting, and controlled release. Among the various strategies developed, cyclodextrin–hydrogel (CD–hydrogel) hybrids have emerged as promising carriers.

Advanced Cyclodextrin Polymers for the Efficient Removal of Emerging Water Pollutants

Styrene-functionalized cyclodextrin polymers (StyDex) represent a chemically versatile and mechanistically rich class of materials designed to exploit synergistic interactions including host–guest complexation, hydrophobic partitioning, and electrostatic attraction.

Smart Drug Delivery Using PMDA-Crosslinked β-Cyclodextrin Carriers

Crosslinked β-CD-based polymers—often referred to as cyclodextrin nanosponges—which provide improved drug encapsulation efficiency, stability, and controlled release profiles.

Hemocompatible Magnetic Nano-Adsorbents via α-, β-, and γ-Cyclodextrin Surface Functionalization

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have garnered substantial attention in biomedical and environmental applications due to their ease of manipulation under magnetic fields and high surface-to-volume ratio. However, their interaction with biological systems is often complicated by non-specific protein adsorption and poor hemocompatibility.

Cyclodextrins: Advances in Chemistry, Toxicology, and Multifaceted Applications

Initially regarded as pharmaceutical excipients, CDs now occupy a significant role in pharmaceuticals, food technology, cosmetics, and environmental engineering due to their multifunctional chemical reactivity, safety profile, and adaptive host–guest chemistry.

Engineering Advanced Hydrogels Using γ-Cyclodextrin-Mediated Topological Crosslinking

Slide-ring gels (SRGs) represent a class of topologically crosslinked hydrogels where CDs serve as mobile junctions that can redistribute applied stress, enhancing mechanical resilience.

Enhancing the Solubility and Stability of Fat-Soluble Vitamins through Cyclodextrin Complexation

Fat-soluble vitamins, due to their hydrophobicity and appropriate molecular dimensions, are ideal candidates for complexation with native and modified CDs.

Cyclodextrin Derivatives in Food: Structure, Safety, and Functional Applications

Cyclodextrin (CD) derivatives are toroidal-shaped cyclic oligosaccharides produced by enzymatic conversion of starch followed by chemical or enzymatic modification.

Succinyl-α-Cyclodextrin: Structure, Synthesis, and Supramolecular Functions

Succinyl-α-cyclodextrin (SuACD or Su-α-CD) is a derivatized form of α-cyclodextrin in which the edge hydroxyl groups (or a subset thereof) have been esterified (or partially esterified) with succinic acid residues (i.e., a succinyl group).

Advanced Applications and Biomedical Functions of Succinyl Cyclodextrin Derivatives

Succinyl cyclodextrins (SuCDs) are chemically modified cyclodextrins (CDs) that are functionalized with succinyl groups for specific pharmaceutical applications.

Cyclodextrin Phosphate Sodium Salt: Structure, Synthesis, and Multifunctional Applications in Pharmaceutical and Industrial Fields

Cyclodextrin phosphate sodium salt is a water-soluble derivative of cyclodextrin, a cyclic oligosaccharide composed of α-(1→4)-linked glucose units.

A Comprehensive Guide to Hyperbranched Beta-Cyclodextrin: Structure, Properties, and Applications

A Comprehensive Guide to Hyperbranched β-Cyclodextrin: Structure, Properties, and Applications

Hyperbranched β-cyclodextrin (HBP-β-CD or HBCD) is an advanced functional polymer derived from the classical cyclic oligosaccharide β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), which itself consists of seven α-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose units forming a toroidal structure.

Mechanistic Insights into the Biomedical Actions of Methyl-Beta-Cyclodextrin

Mechanistic Insights into the Biomedical Actions of Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin

CD can be used as a food additive in the food industry and as a pharmaceutical excipient in the pharmaceutical field. Describes the regulatory status of Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) substances in CD and as excipients in pharmaceutical formulations, focusing mainly on the latter.

A Comprehensive Guide to 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin: Structure, Function, and Pharmaceutical Applications

2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) is a chemically modified derivative of natural β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), produced by the hydroxypropylation of β-CD's hydroxyl groups at the 2-, 3-, and/or 6-positions.

Modulating Niosomal Drug Release with Cyclodextrin Derivatives: Mechanisms and Applications

The pursuit of efficient drug delivery systems has long remained central to pharmaceutical innovation, particularly in advancing therapies that demand targeted, sustained, and biocompatible release mechanisms.

A Comprehensive Guide to Cyclodextrin Derivatives: Synthesis, Uses, and Challenges

Cyclodextrins (CDs) represent natural oligosaccharides made from glucose molecules that connect through α-1,4-glycosidic bonds. These molecules establish a ring structure with an internal hydrophobic pocket and an external hydrophilic exterior. The distinctive structure of cyclodextrins makes them extremely useful across multiple sectors like pharmaceuticals and biotechnology.

Cyclodextrin in Drug Stability and Complexation: A Summary of Recent Findings

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are widely used pharmaceutical excipients that enhance drug solubility, permeability, and stability through inclusion complex formation. These cyclic oligosaccharides originate from enzymatic starch degradation and their structure contains α-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose units.

Cyclodextrin-Based Host-Guest Complexes Loaded with Regorafenib for Colorectal Cancer Treatment

The promising in vitro and in vivo results indicate that cyclodextrin-regorafenib complexes offer a novel and effective strategy for colorectal cancer treatment. By improving the solubility, stability, and tumor-targeting properties of regorafenib, these complexes overcome the drug's limitations, potentially improving patient outcomes in clinical settings.

Cyclodextrin Metal-Organic Frameworks and The Applications

The synergy between cyclodextrins and metal ions imparts distinct properties to these frameworks, such as high surface area, tunable porosity, and biocompatibility, making them highly attractive for a variety of applications including drug delivery, gas storage, catalysis, and environmental remediation.

Cyclodextrin Nanosponges (CDNS) as a Revolutionary Drug Delivery Strategy

Due to their unique physicochemical properties, CDNS are rapidly emerging as a promising strategy for overcoming several challenges in drug delivery, including poor solubility, low bioavailability, and the need for targeted or controlled drug release.

Electrospinning of Cyclodextrin–Oligolactide Derivatives

Cyclodextrin-oligolactide derivatives (CDLA) have emerged as a novel material for electrospinning, combining the unique properties of cyclodextrins with the biodegradable nature of oligolactides.

Recent Developments in Cyclodextrin-Based Materials for Oilfield Applications

As research and development in this area continue, cyclodextrins are expected to play an even more significant role in advancing oilfield technologies, driving improvements in recovery rates, fluid management, and chemical formulations across the industry.

What Makes Cyclodextrin Polymers the Future of Advanced Drug Carriers?

Cyclodextrin polymers (CDPs) have been of great interest in drug delivery because of their structural and functional versatility. Such polymers bring the inclusion and smart functionality of CDs with the smart functionality of polymers and can be used for a variety of purposes in the controlled, targeted, and stimuli-responsive delivery of therapeutics.

History of Cyclodextrin

By reviewing the research work on CD in the past century, the history of CD is briefly introduced, including the three main stages of CD development and the evolution of CD nomenclature from 6 time nodes, which helps us better understand CD.

Synthesis of Cyclodextrin

There are various synthesis strategies for CD molecules, and two synthesis schemes are introduced: (1) Enzymatic breakdown of polymer such as starch; (2) Enzymatic synthesis through template, using maltose as small building blocks.

Supramolecular Chemistry of Cyclodextrin

As an emerging field, supramolecular chemistry has aroused strong interest in constructing complex chemical systems. CD plays a key role in supramolecular chemistry, with molecular recognition and self-assembly functions.

Inclusion Complexation of Cyclodextrin

CDs are able to form stable host-guest inclusion complexes through inclusion complexation. The inclusion complexation mechanism and the factors affecting inclusion complexation are explained, which is of great significance for better utilization of CDs.

Formation of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex

There are many methods for forming CD inclusion compounds, including co-precipitation, kneading, and spray drying. The process of preparing CD inclusion complexes by these methods is described, in which the co-precipitation method has two options depending on the solvent.

Confirmation of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex

After the preparation process, various techniques need to be used to confirm whether CD inclusion complexes are formed, including the phase solubility method, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), which are introduced respectively.

Types of Cyclodextrin Polymers

CD polymers (CDPs) are polymers or networks containing CD units in the molecular backbone. CDPs can be divided into CD-based polyrotaxanes (CD-PRs) and grafted CD polymers (G-CDPs) according to their structures. The types and synthesis methods of the two types of CDP are introduced respectively.

Regulatory Status of Cyclodextrin

CD can be used as a food additive in the food industry and as a pharmaceutical excipient in the pharmaceutical field. Describes the regulatory status of Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) substances in CD and as excipients in pharmaceutical formulations, focusing mainly on the latter.