Cyclodextrins (CD) are a class of macrocyclic molecules consisting of α-1,4-glycosidically linked glucopyranose units. Because of their cavity structure, CDs are capable of forming inclusion complexes with other molecules.
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A Comprehensive Guide to Cyclodextrin Derivatives: Synthesis, Uses, and ChallengesCyclodextrins (CDs) represent natural oligosaccharides made from glucose molecules that connect through α-1,4-glycosidic bonds. These molecules establish a ring structure with an internal hydrophobic pocket and an external hydrophilic exterior. The distinctive structure of cyclodextrins makes them extremely useful across multiple sectors like pharmaceuticals and biotechnology.
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Cyclodextrin in Drug Stability and Complexation: A Summary of Recent FindingsCyclodextrins (CDs) are widely used pharmaceutical excipients that enhance drug solubility, permeability, and stability through inclusion complex formation. These cyclic oligosaccharides originate from enzymatic starch degradation and their structure contains α-1,4-linked D-glucopyranose units.
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Cyclodextrin-Based Host-Guest Complexes Loaded with Regorafenib for Colorectal Cancer TreatmentThe promising in vitro and in vivo results indicate that cyclodextrin-regorafenib complexes offer a novel and effective strategy for colorectal cancer treatment. By improving the solubility, stability, and tumor-targeting properties of regorafenib, these complexes overcome the drug's limitations, potentially improving patient outcomes in clinical settings.
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Cyclodextrin Metal-Organic Frameworks and The ApplicationsThe synergy between cyclodextrins and metal ions imparts distinct properties to these frameworks, such as high surface area, tunable porosity, and biocompatibility, making them highly attractive for a variety of applications including drug delivery, gas storage, catalysis, and environmental remediation.
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Cyclodextrin Nanosponges (CDNS) as a Revolutionary Drug Delivery StrategyDue to their unique physicochemical properties, CDNS are rapidly emerging as a promising strategy for overcoming several challenges in drug delivery, including poor solubility, low bioavailability, and the need for targeted or controlled drug release.
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Electrospinning of Cyclodextrin–Oligolactide DerivativesCyclodextrin-oligolactide derivatives (CDLA) have emerged as a novel material for electrospinning, combining the unique properties of cyclodextrins with the biodegradable nature of oligolactides.
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Recent Developments in Cyclodextrin-Based Materials for Oilfield ApplicationsAs research and development in this area continue, cyclodextrins are expected to play an even more significant role in advancing oilfield technologies, driving improvements in recovery rates, fluid management, and chemical formulations across the industry.
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What Makes Cyclodextrin Polymers the Future of Advanced Drug Carriers? Cyclodextrin polymers (CDPs) have been of great interest in drug delivery because of their structural and functional versatility. Such polymers bring the inclusion and smart functionality of CDs with the smart functionality of polymers and can be used for a variety of purposes in the controlled, targeted, and stimuli-responsive delivery of therapeutics.
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History of Cyclodextrin By reviewing the research work on CD in the past century, the history of CD is briefly introduced, including the three main stages of CD development and the evolution of CD nomenclature from 6 time nodes, which helps us better understand CD.
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Synthesis of Cyclodextrin There are various synthesis strategies for CD molecules, and two synthesis schemes are introduced: (1) Enzymatic breakdown of polymer such as starch; (2) Enzymatic synthesis through template, using maltose as small building blocks.
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Supramolecular Chemistry of Cyclodextrin As an emerging field, supramolecular chemistry has aroused strong interest in constructing complex chemical systems. CD plays a key role in supramolecular chemistry, with molecular recognition and self-assembly functions.
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Inclusion Complexation of Cyclodextrin CDs are able to form stable host-guest inclusion complexes through inclusion complexation. The inclusion complexation mechanism and the factors affecting inclusion complexation are explained, which is of great significance for better utilization of CDs.
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Formation of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex There are many methods for forming CD inclusion compounds, including co-precipitation, kneading, and spray drying. The process of preparing CD inclusion complexes by these methods is described, in which the co-precipitation method has two options depending on the solvent.
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Confirmation of Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex After the preparation process, various techniques need to be used to confirm whether CD inclusion complexes are formed, including the phase solubility method, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method, and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), which are introduced respectively.
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Types of Cyclodextrin Polymers CD polymers (CDPs) are polymers or networks containing CD units in the molecular backbone. CDPs can be divided into CD-based polyrotaxanes (CD-PRs) and grafted CD polymers (G-CDPs) according to their structures. The types and synthesis methods of the two types of CDP are introduced respectively.
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Regulatory Status of Cyclodextrin CD can be used as a food additive in the food industry and as a pharmaceutical excipient in the pharmaceutical field. Describes the regulatory status of Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) substances in CD and as excipients in pharmaceutical formulations, focusing mainly on the latter.
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